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Annotated Checklist of Musical Instruments From
Oceania Countries and Regions Represented
Australia
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Bullroarer
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Concussion Sticks
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Drums
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Flutes
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Free Reeds
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Horns
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Idiophones
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Jew's Harps
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Kazoos |
Lutes
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Rattles
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Rattles, Sliding
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Slit Drums
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Trumpets (Natural)
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Tube Zithers
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Looking for a map? Link to the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection at the University of Texas at Austin for an excellent collection of historic and current worldwide maps. Click here for their selection of maps of Australia and the Pacific.
NMM 5095. Concussion sticks/clapsticks, Northern Territory, Australia, mid-20th century. Pair of thick, polished, hardwood sticks. Gift of Frederick Crane, Iowa City, 1991.
NMM 5096. Concussion sticks/clapsticks, Northern Territory, Australia, mid-20th century. Pair of thick hardwood sticks with geometric patterns burned into the wood. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5097. Concussion sticks/clapsticks, Northern Territory, Australia, mid-20th century. Pair of thick hardwood sticks with geometric dot patterns burned into the wood. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 7040. Didjeridu, Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, 20th century. Hollow, conical eucalyptus branch. Ends covered in clay painted with colorful pigments in square, dot, line, and triangular shapes. Joe R. and Joella F. Utley Collection, 1999.
NMM 7278. Didjeridu, Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, 20th century. Hollow, conical eucalyptus branch. Painted with ochre in red, blue, green, yellow, and white symmetrical, curvilinear and dot patterns. Mouth-blown-end coated in beeswax or similar substance. Joe R. and Joella F. Utley Collection, 1999.
NMM 5115. Didjeridu (yidaki), Queensland, Australia, mid-20th century. Distributed by Queensland Aboriginal Creations, Brisbane. Hollow, cylindrical eucalyptus branch. Painted with reddish-brown pigment, with yellow-and-white dot designs. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5613. End-blown, natural trumpet (didjeridu?), Australia, mid-20th century. Hollow, cylindrical wooden tube with narrow bore. Both ends straight-cut. Body decorated with symmetrical animal carvings and a hatched pattern painted with red and black pigments. Probably produced for tourist trade. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
NMM 7066. Didjeridu, Central Australia, 1990. Slightly conical, hollow eucalyptus branch. Decorated with branding iron in circular and hatched patterns, as well as two snakes and a crocodile. Mouth-blown end coated with beeswax. Joe R. and Joella F. Utley Collection, 1999.
NMM 7277. Didjeridu, Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, before 1997. Hollow, conical eucalyptus branch. Terminates in roots that function as the bell. No decoration. Joe R. and Joella F. Utley Collection, 1999.
NMM 12793. Hula sticks (kala-au), Hawaii, ca. 1980. Pair of wooden sticks of equal lengths. Carved with concentric rings. Upper section of sticks wrapped in yellow yarn that extends off sticks like a tassel. Metal crotal bell strung through yarn. Probably produced for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12794. Hula sticks (kala-au), Hawaii, ca. 1980. Pair of wooden sticks of equal lengths. Carved with concentric rings. Upper section of sticks wrapped in red yarn that extends off sticks like a tassel. Metal crotal bell strung through yarn. Probably produced for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12795. Hula sticks (kala-au), Hawaii, ca. 1980. Pair of wooden sticks of equal lengths. Carved with concentric rings. Upper section of sticks wrapped in blue yarn that extends off sticks like a tassel. Metal crotal bell strung through yarn. Probably produced for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12796. Hula sticks (kala-au), Hawaii, ca. 1980. Pair of wooden sticks of equal lengths. Carved with concentric rings along upper two-thirds. Lower portion uncarved, serving as handle. Upper section of sticks wrapped in yellow yarn that extends off sticks like a tassel. Metal crotal bell strung through yarn. Probably produced for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12680. Double-headed drum/pellet drum, Hawaii, ca. 1980. Wooden frame, hollow and open at back. Straight wooden handle inserted into hole at bottom of frame. Frame and handle painted black. Animal skin head stretched over front of frame and secured with metal tacks. Single pellet tied to string and attached to side of frame with tack. Human figures scratched onto frame and handle. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12803. Internal duct flute, Hawaii (?), ca. 1976. Bamboo tube with node (with hole carved through it) at one end. Rectangular, graded duct window, with wooden insert to form air channel. Five carved, equally spaced fingerholes. Painted with white, black, green, yellow, red, and orange floral designs. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 11583. Nose flute ('ohe hano ihu), Hawaii, late 20th century. Bamboo tube closed at one end by a node. One nose hole drilled near node; three fingerholes drilled in center of tube. Dark finish, no decorations. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12802. Nose flute ('ohe hano ihu), Hawaii, late 20th century. Bamboo tube closed at one end by a node. One nose hole drilled or burned near node; three fingerholes drilled or burned in center of tube. Unfinished, no decorations. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 2517. Rattle (pu'ili), Hawaii, mid-20th century. Hollow bamboo tubes cut with long, narrow slits along three-quarters of the tube. Uncut end, closed by a node, serves as a handle. Gift of Barnes Abell, Vermillion, South Dakota, 1979.
NMM 12290. Rattle (pu'ili), Hawaii, mid-20th century. Hollow bamboo tubes cut with long, narrow slits along three-quarters of the tube. Uncut end, closed by a node, serves as a handle. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12279. Gourd rattle ('uli'uli), Hawaii, mid-20th century. Calabash gourd filled with seeds. Straight handle wrapped in rattan or similar fibrous material and covered with green and yellow feathers. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12278. Gourd rattle ('uli'uli), Hawaii, before 1981. Gourd tied to a rattan-covered handle. Handle attaches to red cloth which covers and holds the ends of red and yellow feathers. Gourd painted brown. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 11691. Clay pot, Indonesia, ca. 2006. Distributed by World Market Store, Sioux City, Iowa. Clay pot with opening and narrow bottom. Inside and rim painted black. Outside covered with rattan or similar cane running vertically. Opening has a rounded, raised lip. Bottom has a black, rubber foam surface. Played as a substitute for a South Indian ghatam during a 2006 concert at the NMM. Gift of Sikkil Mala Chandrasekhar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 2006.
NMM 12764. Internal duct flute (suling), Indonesia, ca. 1985. Slightly conical, teak body with drilled bore. Rectangular duct window near closed end. Six equidistant, drilled fingerholes on lower half. External, bent-bamboo ring tied with string around first fingerhole. Carved with floral designs and dots. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12554. Long-neck lute (gambus hijaz or melayu) by the Toradja people, Sulawesi, Indonesia, late 19th century. Hand-carved, wooden body. Integral finial, neck, and resonator. Thin wooden belly, painted black, tacked to resonator with iron nails. Neck hollowed nearly entire length of fretboard. Hand-carved, anthropomorphic wooden finial painted tan with black hair and articulated eyes, nose, mouth with mother-of-pearl teeth, and ears. Six monofilament strings attached to pegs and tied to round, cylindrical end piece. Seven, hand-carved wooden pegs inserted laterally. Two hand-carved wooden feet attached to bottom edge of resonator. Image of women and dragon painted on belly. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 3981. End-blown, natural trumpet by Asmat people, Irian Jaya, Indonesia, before 1986. Straight, cylindrical, bamboo trumpet. Round mouth-hole carved into node end. Opposite end is open and carved into a double-prong shape. Body carved with symmetrical, circular patterns. Board of Trustees, 1986.
NMM 12672. Angklung by Japirex, Indonesia, ca. 1980. Eight individual angklung with two bamboo tubes each, tuned in octaves. Each of the eight angklung plays one pitch of a diatonic scale from c to c. Bamboo stand with single post and cross-shaped foot. Rack on top of post with notches on which to hang each angklung tube. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12848. Angklung, Indonesia, ca. 1980. Six individual angklung with two bamboo tubes each, tuned in octaves. Each of the six angklung plays one pitch of a diatonic scale from c to c. The angklung that play pitch "e" and high "c" are missing. Bamboo stand with single post and cross-shaped foot. Rack on top of post with notches on which to hang each angklung tube. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12671. Angklung, Indonesia, ca. 1991. Eight individual angklung with two bamboo tubes each, tuned in octaves. Each of the eight angklung plays one pitch of a diatonic scale from c to c. Bamboo stand with single post and cross-shaped foot. Rack on top of post with notches on which to hang each angklung tube, marked 57A. Bamboo stand with two legs and connecting cross piece. Both legs have burned decorative design on one side. Pitches of the notes written inside bamboo tubes and on the wood rack. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 14481. Tube zither (sesando), Indonesia, late 19th century. Ex coll.: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Board of Trustees, 2010.
NMM 2445. Handle drum, New Guinea, late 19th-early 20th century. Single-headed, conical drum with handle. Lizard-skin head attached with adhesive from the underside. Inside hollowed by carving. Handle extension along entire body. Decorative carving on handle extension resembles carvings of the Asmat, an indigenous people from Irian Jaya. Words carved on both sides of drum. Board of Trustees, 1978.
NMM 2547. Handle drum, South Pacific (New Guinea?), early 20th century. Hourglass-shaped, wooden drum. Lizard-skin head attached with adhesive. Handle at waist with decorative extensions along upper and lower body. Decorated with zig-zag, circular, and curvilinear patterns painted with brown, white, and pink pigments. Five sections of dried, fibrous leaves tied into bows and placed along handle. Probably produced for tourist trade. Gift of Leo Kucinski, Sioux City, Iowa, 1977.
NMM 5104. Bullroarer (popabum), Yagusa, Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Flat, elongated disk carved from wood. One side finished. Small hole carved on one end with long piece of twine tied through it. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 11847. Drum (kundu) possibly made in Trobriand Islands, Papua New Guinea, 20th century. Cylindrical hand-drum constructed from wood with elaborate handle extending along length of body. Head of monitor-lizard skin attached with a red substance, possibly a tree-sap mixture. Four carved faces in repoussé. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 5110. Drum (kundu) by brother of Philip Kondayagl Ongugo, Kogun-Mambuno (Duglpagl), Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Wooden hourglass drum with skin head attached with hoop wrapped in cloth. No handle or carved decorations. Body is dark, possibly from fire exposure. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5111. Drum (kundu), Yagusa, Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Wooden hourglass drum with marsupial-skin head attached with a length of fibrous material. Fur still attached to the edges of the head. No handle or carved decorations; dark finish. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5112. Drum (kundu), Zumin, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Clay, hourglass-shaped drum without a handle. Lizard-skin head. Oval and dot design around waist. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 2530. Hand drum, Ewa Village, East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, before 1970. Narrow, wooden, hourglass-shaped drum; no handle. Lizard-skin head attached with adhesive. Triangular and inverted "v" shapes carved on lower half and painted with red pigment. Board of Trustees, 1979.
NMM 2687. Jew’s harp (oleil), Enga Province, Papua New Guinea, before 1972. Bamboo tube. Idioglottic. Closed with a thickly-wound mass of string tied through a hole above the node to make lamella vibrate. Decorated with geometric triangular patterns, etched with dark ink. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1980.
NMM 5118. End-blown flute, Ulga, Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Hollow bamboo tube; no nodes. Straight-cut ends taper slightly inward. Four fingerholes burned in on lower half. Decorated with scratched-in geometric patterns. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5119. End-blown flute, Tega, Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Hollow bamboo tube; no nodes. Straight-cut ends. Four fingerholes burned in. Decorated with scratched-in geometric patterns. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5121. End-blown flute, Mogl, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Hollow bamboo tube; no nodes. Mouth-blown end straight-cut; lower end carved into a prong shape. Four fingerholes burned in on lower half. No carvings or decorations. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 5116. Pair of transverse flutes, Keu, Chimbu District, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Two flutes made from hollow bamboo tubes, closed at one end by nodes. Mouth-hole burned into body; no fingerholes. One end of one flute is carved into a prong-shape. Both flutes decorated with scratched zig-zag pattern. Both have a carved-down branch protruding from the node. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 2532. Vessel flute (ocarina), Sepik Region, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Oval-shaped vessel flute made from coconut shell. Mouth-hole at one end; closed at other end. Fipple hole carved on top. Carved zig-zag and curvilinear decorations around both holes. Board of Trustees, 1979.
NMM 5114. Conch shell trumpet (dahuc), Aluki, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Large conch shell with a round mouth-hole cut from the side, near narrower end of the shell. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 7174. Side-blown, natural trumpet, Sepik Region, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Conical, wooden trumpet with dark finish. Carved faces on top with cowry-shell eyes. Body carved with oval, arcs, and wavy lines. Joe R. and Joella F. Utley Collection, 1999.
NMM 7288. Side-blown, natural trumpet, Sepik Region, Papua New Guinea, late 20th century. Cylindrical, wooden trumpet with dark finish. Masked face at top with zig-zag and curvilinear designs. Joe R. and Joella F. Utley Collection, 1999.
NMM 5103. Rattle (ponggonde), Sumia, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea, mid-20th century. Oblong, oval-shaped rattle made from woven cane or similar fibrous material. Interior filled with dried seek husks from the pangium edule tree. Appears and smells as if once burned. Gift of Frederick Crane, 1991.
NMM 3867. End-blown, external duct flute, Philippines, mid-20th century. Bamboo tube closed at one end by node. Mouth-hole burned in under node with external fipple held in place with blue thread. Scratched-in diamond and square patterns. Gift of Anderine Farmer, Independence, Missouri, 1985.
NMM 4216. End-blown nose flute, northern Philippines, mid-20th century. Cylindrical bamboo tube with small hole drilled in center of the node at one end; other end is open. Three fingerholes, one thumb-hole. Body decorated with inked diamond and triangular patterns. Text written on body. Gift of Kathryn Gebhardt, Aberdeen, South Dakota, 1988.
NMM 12633. Nose flute (tongali), northern Philippines, mid-20th century. Cylindrical bamboo tube with small hole drilled in center of the node at one end; other end is open. Three fingerholes, one thumb-hole, all burned into the bamboo. Body decorated with inked diamond, triangular, and rectangular patterns. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 9975. Horn, Phillipines, ca. 1940s. Animal horn with design scratched onto one side. Hole drilled into narrow end to serve as mouthhole. Probably made for tourist trade. Gift of Dick George, Libertyville, Illinois, 2000.
NMM 12232. Horn, Phillipines, mid-20th century. Animal horn with a design scratched onto one side. Hole drilled into narrow end to serve as mouthhole. Probably made for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12563. Xylophone, Philippines, mid-20th century. Twenty narrow, wooden bars, spread in one row across wooden, trapezoidal frame, suspended slightly above the frame; held in place with twine. Bars have hollow, rectangular resonators hanging below them, held in place with twine and two wooden bars. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12683. Bamboo tube (luntang), Maguindanao Province, Philippines, ca. 1970. Bamboo tube closed at both ends by nodes; sound-hole carved through one node. Cord strung between two additional holes located at each node. Unfinished, no decoration. One of five tubes comprising the luntang. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 13199. Wind chimes, Philippines, before 1975. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 10035. Bamboo and clay xylophone, Philippines, ca. 2000. Four bamboo bars with rounded edges and slightly tapered sides placed across top of round, red terra-cotta pot. Struck with mallet. Rests on two red-plush, cushioned bases. Similar to Indonesian da'uli da'uli (doli-doli). Gift of Bert Olson, Vermillion, 2001.
NMM 12553. Long-neck lute (kudyapiq, kacapi, hagalong), Philippines, mid-20th century. Plucked lute with narrow neck and elongated body. Two metal strings. Three small wooden frets mounted in wax. Painted black with triangular, diamond, and hour-glass-shaped carvings, filled-in with lines. Related to the kacapi and jungga, similar lutes with Indian roots that are distributed throughout Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12551. Tube zither by Bagobo people, Mindanao Island, Philippines, mid-20th century. Cylindrical tube, closed at both ends by a node. Six integral strips cut along body, remaining attached at nodes and raised with small, wooden bridges. Woven fabric around ends with plastic, beaded designs. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12552. Tube zither by Bagobo or T’boli people of Mindanao Island, Philippines, mid-20th century. Cylindrical tube, closed at both ends by a node. Six integral strips cut along body, remaining attached at nodes and raised with small, wooden bridges. Woven fabric around ends with plastic, beaded designs. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12684. Tube zither (kolibit) attributed to Kalingga people, Northern Philippines, ca. 1970. Cylindrical bamboo tube closed at both ends by nodes. Hole carved through one node. Three integral strips cut along body, remaining attached at nodes. Narrow slit carved above strips serves as soundboard. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 12263. Hand drum, Polynesia, ca. 1987. Single-headed, cylindrical wooden drum. Three peg-feet extend from bottom. Animal-skin head covered with brown fur; attached with small metal nails. Front of drum carved into a face with closed eyes and a squared nose. Probably produced for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 2351. Lapa sticks, Samoa, mid-20th century. Made from long branch of cane-like, fibrous material split lengthwise with five slits on either end. Middle portion serves as handle. Gift of Linda S. Hansen, Estherville, Iowa, 1977.
NMM 11111. Toy horn, Singapore, mid-20th century. Small red-and-yellow plastic body with dial and eight settings. Each setting activates a different free reed. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 11146. Kazoo, Singapore, mid-20th century. Orange-and-yellow plastic body with flattened opening on one end and narrow mouth-hole on the other. Pink plastic disk on top holds vibrating membrane in place. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 11368. Kazoo, Singapore, mid-20th century. White-and-yellow plastic body with a flattened opening on one end and narrow mouth-hole on the other. Red plastic disk on top holds vibrating membrane in place. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 4148. Angklung attributed to Southeast Asia, mid-20th century. Eight individual angklung with two bamboo tubes each, tuned in octaves. Each of the eight angklung plays one pitch of a diatonic scale from c to c. Wooden or cane stand with slots from which the angklungs are hung. Probably produced for the tourist trade. Gift of Frank Palleria, Wagner, South Dakota, 1987.
NMM 12673. Angklung, Southeast Asia, ca. 1980. Three bamboo tubes, cut in half lengthwise at the upper two-thirds. Bamboo tube base, with four narrow bamboo sticks inserted perpendicular to the base. Half-tube attached below the base, with decorative half-chevron shapes carved along the bottom. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
NMM 11638. Slit drum, Ambrym Island, Vanuatu, 20th century. Small, vertical slit-drum carved from wood; coated with a light finish. Narrow slit along bottom half. Two faces with circular disk eyes surrounded by rows of raised, carved squares above the slit. Outlined eyes and lines on faces. Probably produced for tourist trade. Paul and Jean Christian Collection, 2006.
