NMM 4819.  Violin, Bohemia, ca. 1800.  Gift of Helen Matson Mortensen (BM, University of South Dakota, 1928), Green Bay, Wisconsin, 1989, in memory of Winfred R. Colton, Dean, College of Fine Arts, University of South Dakota.

NMM 6121.  Violin by Charles Crammond, Aberdeen, Scotland, ca. 1800-1834.  Stamped on upper back, below button:  CRAMMOND / ABERDEEN.  Printed paper label, the month, day, and year written in black ink:  REPAIRED BY / CHARLES A. VOIGT, / N. E. COR. 9th & WOOD STS., PHILAD'A. / 5^thMO.  24^thDAY,  1 [8 oblit.] 905. Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce with medium grain broadening then narrowing to very fine toward the flanks.  Back:  one-piece, semi-slab cut maple with faint, medium curl;  two knots in lower bass bout;  two maple plugs of 7 mm diameter through back into bottom block, 9 mm apart, parallel to purfling, perhaps concealing nail holes.  Ribs:  quarter-cut maple with faint, medium curl;  one-piece lower rib.  Head and neck:  plain maple.  Varnish:  shaded, medium red-brown.  Endpin:  ebony;  large diameter; probably original.  Wide spruce linings underlapping spruce corner blocks.  Top block:  spruce;  one unfilled and  two filled nail holes.  Short bass bar, probably original.  Back length:  355 mm.  Upper bout width:  165 mm.  Center bout width:  107 mm.  Lower bout width:  205 mm.  Rib height:  29-30 mm.  Stop length:  195 mm.  Vibrating string length:  329 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  133 mm.  Gift of Clay H. Johnson, Jr., O'Neill, Nebraska, 1998. 

NMM 3522.  Violin, Saxony, ca. 1800-1840.  Printed paper label with cut corners:  REPAIRED BY / JOHN KEIFER, / HAMILTON, O.  Top:  one-piece, quarter-cut spruce with medium grain broadening to very wide at the flanks.  Back:  one-piece, quarter-cut beech with large, prominent ray flecks;  position of lower rib joint notched.  Ribs:  quarter-cut beech or maple with large ray flecks; rib corners chamfered. Head and neck:  beech or maple with large ray flecks.  Corners:  long.  Purfling:  none.  Varnish:  dark red-brown staining varnish.  Fingerboard:  black-stained beech or maple with large ray flecks;  wedge-shaped;  minimal curvature;  end bevelled;  channel over neck position;  little wear on fingerboard finish except for along bass edge.  Tailpiece:  later ebony;   holes drilled in upper face to adapt for use with earlier brass tailgut.  Tailgut:  brass;  passes through holes drilled into the underside of the tailpiece, brazed to brass plate securing it on the top side of the tailpiece, the plate a curved rectangle with cut corners and etched dogtooth pattern along top and bottom edges.  Pegs:  four boxwood with mother-of-pearl eyes.  Saddle:  ebony;  set into top.  Endpin:  ash;  finished with same varnish as body.  F-holes:  slightly undercut.  Linings:  spruce.  Corner blocks:  spruce;  small.  Top block:  integral with neck;  bevelled;  top side with bigger footprint than bottom side.  Bottom block:  spruce;  bevelled; small.  Short, small bassbar carved from top.  Saw marks visible on inside of ribs.  Back length:  347 mm.  Upper bout width:  161 mm.  Center bout width:  106 mm.  Lower bout width:  200 mm.  Rib height:  29-31 mm.  Stop length:  183 mm.  Vibrating string length:  312 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  127 mm.  Gift of Alice Whitlow, Vermillion, 1984. 

NMM 5054.  Violin, Germany, ca. 1800-1840.  Unlabelled.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce, medium grain.  Back:  one-piece, quarter-cut maple with narrow, horizontal curl;  maple dowel through back into bottom block, 7 mm from edge;  three maple dowels through back into top block, the center one (now missing) under purfling, the outer two, 10 mm from edge.  Ribs:  quarter-cut maple, narrow curl.  Head and neck:  maple with faint, narrow curl;  large, oval-shaped maple dowel in neck heel.  Varnish:  medium red-brown;  slight craquelure.  Fingerboard:  ebony;  filled nail holes 28 and 95 mm from nut;  no channel under neck position;  spruce shim added to raise height.  Nut:  bone;  wooden shim added to raise height.  F-holes:  undercut.  Linings:  spruce;  narrow bottom lining continues over corner blocks;  wider upper lining.  Corner blocks:  spruce;  continue the rounded shape of the upper lining.  Top block:  spruce;  tapered bottom end extends about 10 mm along inside of back;  spruce shims between top block and ribs.  Soundpost:  very narrow diameter, with wider ends;  upper end secured to brown twine, which extends out of f-holes and is tied at back of body.  Original bassbar.  Two red wax seals on back, lower bout, 107 mm from bottom edge, 32 mm apart.  Back length:  360 mm.  Upper bout width:  167 mm.  Center bout width:  108 mm.  Lower bout width:  205 mm.  Rib height:  26-28 mm.  Stop length:  198 mm.  Vibrating string length:  314 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  130 mm.  Ex coll.:  Tobias (Ohmdahl) Larson and Lars Larson, Gysland, Norway and Inwood, Iowa.  Gift of Donald and Marjorie Nelson, Mesa, Arizona, 1990. 

NMM 4900. Violin by Giovanni Battista Ceruti, Cremona, ca. 1805-1810.   Gift of J. Laiten Weed Estate, Yankton, South Dakota, 1990.

NMM 10735. Violin by Johann Gottlob Ficker, Neukirchen, Saxony, 1810. Kay Marcum-Larson Fund, 2004.

NMM 5647.  Violin, Saxony, ca. 1810-1835.  Handwritten paper label in black ink:  Io Santo Ballarini / in Rimino.  Handwritten paper label with cut corners, probably added by H. W. White:  Owned by G. Wigner Ohio in / 1835.  Sold to W. R. Wigner in / 1853.  Sold to [oblit.] in / 1873.  Anderson Ind,.  Stamp on sanded area on back of scroll:  2 4.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce with wide grain, curved toward center joint on bass side;  dowel, now removed, through top into top block, on treble side under fingerboard;  top set into groove in base of neck.  Back:  one-piece, quarter-cut maple with prominent ray flecks.  Ribs:  semi-slab-cut maple with prominent ray flecks.  Head and neck:  beech.  Purfling:  single, painted black line.  Varnish:  medium brown;  very faint craquelure.  Fingerboard:  ebony with light streaks;  channeled over neck position;  u-shaped end;  maple shim under fingerboard, perhaps original or early.  F-holes:  slightly undercut.  Linings:  spruce.  Corner blocks:  spruce;  small.  Top block:  integral with neck;  faceted;  bottom foot extends 7 mm further along inside of back;  spruce shims between top block and ribs.  Bottom block:  spruce;  small.  Bassbar:  formerly with curved bass bar installed by H. W. White of Anderson, Indiana, and Yankton, South Dakota.  Inside of violin has yellow varnish, perhaps shellac.  File marks on neck heel.  Saw marks prominently visible inside ribs.  Back length:  360 mm.  Upper bout width:  163 mm.  Center bout width:  109 mm.  Lower bout width:  204 mm.  Rib height:  28-29 mm.  Stop length:  193 mm.  Vibrating string length:  330 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  134 mm.  Gift of Barnes and Usher Abell, Vermillion, 1993. 

NMM 1287.   Violin by Chanot & Lété, Paris, 1819.  Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979. 

NMM 5972.  Violin by Chanot & Lété, Paris, ca. 1819. Arne B. Larson Estate, 1989.

NMM 10011. Violin/viola by Chanot and Lété workshop, 1819. Purchase funds given by family and friends in memory of Usher Abell (1915-2003), Vermillion, 2003.

NMM 10173. Violin by François Breton, Mirecourt, ca. 1820-1830. Brand on inside of back: BRETON, BREVETE [words angled to form upside-down "V"] / [crown on dome-shaped object] / DE S. A. R. M.E. Brand on back button in cursive lettering, the letter "n" ending in a decoratively-looped underline: Breton. Black ink inscription on inside of pegbox, bottom side, under varnish: 467. Pencil inscription on inside of top, upper treble bout: A Richardson / [illeg.] 1931. Handwritten, small paper label in black ink, visible through treble f-hole, facing bass side: DDA 3705 / 860. Top: two-piece, quarter-cut spruce with fine grain, broadening toward the flanks. Back: one-piece, quarter-cut maple with narrow curl, descending slightly from treble to bass. Ribs: quarter-cut maple, narrow curl; rib corners chamfered and painted black. Head and neck: maple, narrow curl; scroll and pegbox chamfers painted black. Varnish: light orange; polishing abrasive marks visible. F-holes: slightly undercut. Linings: spruce; wide. Corner blocks: spruce. Bottom block: spruce; small. Bassbar: original. Back length: 359 mm. Upper bout width: 166 mm. Center bout width: 107 mm. Lower bout width: 205 mm. Rib height: 30-32 mm. Stop length: 194 mm. Vibrating string length: 327 mm. Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs): 131 mm. Gift of Kurt Lothar and Patricia A. Meisel, Owatonna, Minnesota, 2002.

Lit.:  André P. Larson, Beethoven & Berlioz, Paris & Vienna: Musical Treasures from the Age of Revolution & Romance 1789-1848, with essay by John Koster, exhibition catalog, Washington Pavilion, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, September 12-November 2, 2003 (Vermillion: National Music Museum 2003), p. 31.

NMM 5721.  Violin, Saxony, ca. 1820-1840.   Ex coll.:  Judge E. G. Smith, Yankton, South Dakota.    Gift of Elizabeth Davidson Orr, Naples, Florida, 1993. 

NMM 3463. Violin, New England, United States, ca. 1820-1850. Black ink inscription on inside of back: A Jo[nes] / Died March 18 1851. Incised inscription on bottom end of pegbox: V. Guitar-shaped body with overhanging top and back edges. Top: one-piece, quarter-cut spruce with wide grain on bass side, narrowing to medium grain on treble side. Back: four-piece, quarter-cut maple with narrow curl, descending from treble to bass; center two staves narrower at top (39 mm treble side, 33 mm bass side) than bottom (59 mm treble side, 58.5 mm bass side); button is shaped as an elliptical segment rather than half-round; iron nail (probably later) through button on treble side of center joint; maple dowel through button on bass side of center joint. Ribs: one-piece, slab-cut birch. Head and neck: maple with narrow curl, descending from treble to bass; holes drilled in ears of scroll; scroll volutes not undercut; square, jutting bottom end of pegbox; faintly incised line along center ridge of pegbox fluting; neck not set at an angle to body. Arching: rises immediately inside edge scooping. Purfling: none. Varnish: dark red-brown; mostly removed from body. Fingerboard: chestnut or ash; non-original; thick, wedge-shaped, short; nicks on bottom and edge at neck position; no lateral curvature; arched from upper to lower ends; top side varnished dark red-brown. Nut: none; fingerboard extends to bottom of pegbox. Pegs: one dark-brown-stained, wide-grained beech; head outline with concave turning on sides of peg end, and raised central point with hole drilled in end; single collar-ring set immediately against head. Saddle: missing; original was set into top, extending 11 mm inward. Endpin: dark-red-brown-varnished maple; slightly concave end; short neck. F-holes: rounded upper and lower wings; no notches. Linings: none; small, triangular maple blocks glued along top and bottom seams; four large rectangular maple blocks with bevelled edges glued at widest points in upper and lower bouts, extending from top to botton. Top block: integral with neck; rectangular; large. Bottom block: maple; rectangular; large; rectangular platforms carved from top and back under bottom block. Bassbar: wide; glued at angle to top grain, the lower bout end further from the center line than the upper bout end. Back length: 351 mm. Upper bout width: 172 mm. Center bout width: 111 mm. Lower bout width: 216 mm. Lower bout rib height: 32-34 mm. Stop length: 178 mm. Vibrating string length (with current fingerboard): 327 mm. Original neck length (bottom of pegbox to ribs): 143 mm. Similar to the guitar-shaped violin made by Peter M. Slocum (1795-1837), Newport, Rhode Island, in 1834, in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Gift of Dr. Margaret Downie Banks, Vermillion, South Dakota, 1984.

NMM 5982.  Violin, Markneukirchen, Saxony, ca. 1820-1850.  Printed paper label with double lines at top and bottom edges, the number and date written in black ink:  REPAIRED BY No. 2000 / C. F. KELLEMS / BLOOMINGTON, ILL. / June 25 - 1923.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce, fine grain.  Back:  one-piece maple cut slightly off-the-quarter with very narrow curl descending from treble to bass;  pin hole and depressions in back button.  Ribs:  quarter-cut maple with narrow to medium curl, angled to the right.  Head and neck:  maple with very faint, medium curl;  original neck lengthened and re-angled at heel.  Edging:  scooped close to edge;  later ivory cap along top edge.  Varnish:  dark red-brown;  fine craquelure.  Saddle:  bone or ivory;  extends into top portion of rib;  decoratively molded with two ridges, the lower nicked and gouged.  Endpin:  ebony;  large eye missing.  Linings:  later spruce.  Corner blocks:  later spruce.   Burn marks inside ribs.  Back length:  353 mm.  Upper bout width:  168 mm.  Center bout width:  109 mm.  Lower bout width:  204 mm.  Rib height:  29 mm.  Stop length:  192 mm.  Vibrating string length:  324 mm.  Gift of Barnes Abell, Vermillion, 1996. 

NMM 3417. Violin (miniature) attributed to Louis Panormo, London, ca. 1820-1850. Unlabelled. Top: two-piece, quarter-cut spruce with very fine grain, broadening toward the flanks; wooden dowel through top into top block; wooden dowel through top into bottom block. Back: two-piece, quarter-cut maple with medium curl, ascending slightly from center joint; prominent ray flecks. Ribs: quarter-cut maple with plain upper and center ribs, and faint, medium curl in lower ribs; grain at an angle to top and back in treble center and upper bass ribs; one-piece lower rib. Head and neck: plain maple. Purfling: single strip of brown-stained hardwood. Varnish: light orange; shaded on back and ribs. Fingerboard: ebony; wedge-shaped; roughly gouged on underside. Nut: ebony. Tailpiece: ebony; tailgut passes through two holes drilled in face; no saddle; simple drilled string holes; bottom edge of tailpiece at separate angle from face. Tailgut: plain gut. Pegs: four ebony with large mother-of-pearl-eyes and convex head surfaces; triple-ring collars. Saddle: ebony; extends somewhat past purfling. Endpin: ebony with large mother-of-pearl eye. Bridge: maple; no heart; large kidneys. Linings: spruce. Corner blocks: spruce. Toothed-plane marks visible on inside of ribs. Evidence of playing wear on body: black rosin deposits on top edges near center bouts, bow wear on top center bouts, dirt deposits on upper treble rib, near neck heel. Total violin length: 290 mm. Back length: 171 mm. Upper bout width: 85 mm. Center bout width: 56 mm. Lower bout width: 101 mm. Rib height: 18-19 mm. Stop length: 93 mm. Vibrating string length: 156 mm. Original neck length (nut to ribs): 69 mm. Historically associated with Charles Sherwood Stratton, the midget known as General Tom Thumb. P. T. Barnum first employed the four-year-old Stratton in 1842, and promoted him as a human curiosity until the latter's death on July 15, 1881. Laurence Witten bought the miniature violin from James Peck, Woodbridge, Connecticut, through C. E. H. Whitlock, an Americana dealer in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1963. Miniature bow attributed to Thomas Tubbs and a mahogany case with brass fittings. Witten-Rawlins Collection, 1984.

NMM 10102.  Violin, probably Leipzig, ca. 1820-1860.  Written in black ink on paper label with cut corners:  John Tregalia 1896 / I M Cramer 1914 / Sioux City - Ia.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce, medium grain.  Back:  two-piece, quarter-cut maple with faint, narrow curl, descending slightly from center joint;  button replaced;  hardwood dowel through back button.  Ribs:  quarter-cut maple with faint, narrow curl;  one-piece lower rib.  Head and neck:  maple with faint, narrow curl.  Varnish:  dark red.  Fingerboard:  ebony;  edges of lower end rounded;  not channeled over neck.  Tailpiece:  ebony;  decoratively molded saddle carved rather than inlaid.  Pegs:  four ebony with mother-of-pearl eyes;  diamond-shaped mother-of-pearl inlay on head faces, with incised, red-painted circles and lines.  Saddle:  ebony;  extends into top portion of rib.  F-holes:  inside edges stained black;  slightly undercut.  Linings:  spruce.  Corner blocks:  spruce.  Back length:  357 mm.  Upper bout width:  167 mm.  Center bout width:  110 mm.  Lower bout width:  205 mm.  Rib height:  30-33 mm.  Stop length:  196 mm.  Vibrating string length:  326 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  130 mm. Arne B. Larson Estate, 1989.

NMM 6054.  Violin by Carl Christian Meisel, Klingenthal, Saxony, 1823. Gift of Kurt Lothar and Patricia A. Meisel, Owatonna, Minnesota, 1997.

NMM 6097.  Violin by Matthäus Ignatz Brandstätter, Vienna, 1824. Rawlins Fund, 1997.  

NMM 10028.  Violin by Johann Georg Stauffer, Vienna, 1826.     Board of Trustees, 2001. 

NMM 3419.  Violin attributed to Luigi Pierotti, Gubbio, Umbria, ca. 1830.  Handwritten paper label in black ink (inserted by the Bisiach workshop, Milan, according to Laurence Witten):  Pierotti LUiGi 1831 / feci in GUBBio.  Paper with text written in Italian in black ink used to line back, under signature label.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce with wide grain, narrowing toward the flanks.  Back:  two-piece, slab-cut maple with faint, very narrow curl;  grain lines converging on the center joint at top and bottom ends.  Ribs:  plain, slab-cut maple.  Head and neck:  plain maple.  Varnish:  medium, red-brown.  Fingerboard:  black-stained maple;  slightly wedge-shaped;  bottom end tapered.  Pegs:  one ebony;  two mismatched ebony with mother-of-pearl eyes;  one black-stained pearwood with mother-of-pearl eye.  Endpin:  pearwood with remnants of red paint.  F-holes:  rounded lower wings.  Linings:  poplar or related wood.  Corner blocks:  spruce.  Bottom block:  spruce;  small.   Long corners.  Back length:  352 mm.  Upper bout width:  159 mm.  Center bout width:  105 mm.  Lower bout width:  195 mm.  Lower bout rib height:  29-31 mm.  Stop length:  194 mm.  Vibrating string length:  328 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  132 mm. Ex coll.: Leandro and Giacomo Bisiach, Milan. Witten-Rawlins Collection, 1984.

NMM 4868.  Violin, Appalachian Mountain region, United States, ca. 1830-1860.  Unlabelled.  Folk violin exhibiting archaic northern European design and construction characteristics.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut pine, medium grain.  Back:  one-piece, slab-cut ash;  hardwood dowels through back into the top block 10 mm from edge, and through bottom block 20 mm from edge.  Ribs:  slab-cut birch;  center bass rib:  ash cut off-the-quarter;  lower ribs feathered on bass side of endpin and nailed to the bottom block with three nails, the heads sawed off.  Head and neck:  ash and maple:  later maple head and maple portion of neck grafted and nailed onto the remainder of the original ash neck;  inside of pegbox lined with red crepe paper;  heel of neck flared at back button.  Arching:  steep along central axis of the body.  Edging:  edges not scooped.  Purfling:  none.  Varnish:  medium brown;  probably revarnished.  Fingerboard:  black-stained butternut (?);  wedge-shaped;  minimal curvature;  flat bottom.   Nut:  black plastic;  nailed to neck, the nail head painted green.  Tailpiece:  black-stained pearwood;  no saddle;  keyhole-shaped string holes;  original lozenge-shaped, decorative inlay now missing.  Tailgut:  brass wire;  passes through a single hole drilled into the underside of the tailpiece, brazed to a brass oval, securing it on the top side of the tailpiece.  Pegs:  two ebony;  one ebony with a mother-of pearl eye;   one black-stained maple missing its eye.  Saddle:  black-stained butternut (?);  glued to surface of top.  Endpin:  black-stained ash.  F-holes:  rounded upper and lower wings;  no notches.  Linings:  none.  Corner blocks:  none.  Top block:  integral with the neck;  extends along inside of back about 55 mm;  rounded edges;  screwed to the back from the inside, the filed-off point of the screw visible on outside of back, 43 mm in from the top edge.  Soundpost:   narrow diameter;  painted red;  black string tied to top of soundpost, passing through both f-holes.  Wide, short bassbar with rounded edges carved from top.  Back length:  368 mm.  Upper bout width:  158 mm.  Center bout width:  108 mm.  Lower bout width:  198 mm.  Rib height:  32-38 mm.  Stop length:  205 mm.  Vibrating string length:  340 mm.  Survives with later handmade mahogany and bent ash case.  Arne B. Larson Estate, 1989.

NMM 5289.  Violin, Saxony, ca. 1830-1870.  Printed paper label with chain-link border, the date and year written in black ink:  H. W. White's Improvement on / VIOLINS, VIOLAS, VIOLINCELLOS [sic]& GUITARS / Patented Sept. 22, 1874 & Oct. 11, 1875. / IMPROVED, Oct. 25, 1882 / YANKTON, DAKOTA.  Top:  one-piece, quarter-cut pine or spruce with narrow grain broadening to very wide at the flanks;  pin through top into top block, now missing.  Back:  one-piece maple cut off-the-quarter, wide grain;  prominent ray flecks.  Ribs:  quarter cut maple with prominent ray flecks;  semi-slab-cut upper treble rib.  Head and neck:  maple with prominent ray flecks;  neck stained dark brown;  slight channel under fingerboard position.  Purfling:  black-painted double line.  Varnish:  dark brown staining varnish with fine craquelure.  Fingerboard:  remains of ebony fingerboard on neck.  Saddle:  extended slightly into upper portion of rib, now missing.  F-holes:  Slightly undercut;  deeply undercut on upper wings.  Linings:  pine or spruce;  narrow center linings and upper treble lining;  separate sections of lining, about 12 mm long, glued over corner blocks at top joint.  Corner blocks:  pine or spruce;  small.  Top block:  integral with neck;  rounded edges;  bottom side extends 5 mm further into body than top side;  rectangular platform carved from back under top block;  original walnut block glued to bottom end of neck, finishing in a thin, half-round shim between top block and top;  spruce shims between top block and ribs.  Bottom block:  pine or spruce;  small;  visible toothed scraper marks.  Bassbar:  Hiram W. White's curved (steam bent) bassbar added, the ends incurved toward center line of top;  evidence of former standard, glued-in bassbar.  Inside of violin has yellow varnish, perhaps shellac.  Casein glue used throughout body to secure all joints, the bassbar, and large rectangular patches on inside of top.  Saw, toothed scraper, and burn marks visible on inside of ribs.  Back length:  358 mm.  Upper bout width:  161 mm.  Center bout width:  111 mm.  Lower bout width:  197 mm.  Rib height:  28-30 mm.  Stop length:  195 mm.  Vibrating string length:  335 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  137 mm. Gift of Raymond L. Guntren, Sioux City, Iowa, 1992. 

NMM 10283. Violin by Thomas Howell, Bristol, England, 1836. Board of Trustees, 2002.

NMM 5794.  Violin, Saxony, ca. 1840-1860.  Purchase funds gift of Mr. & Mrs. Hubert H. Everist, Sioux City, Iowa, 1994.

NMM 9965.  Violin by Salzard workshop, Paris or Mirecourt, ca. 1840-1875.   Gift of Daniel Draley, DeWitt, Iowa, 2001.

NMM 4205.  Violin, Bohemia, Saxony, or United States, ca. 1840-1880.  Unlabelled.  Folk violin with notably square shoulders, long corners, flat arching, and heavy weight.  Top:  two-piece, quarter-cut spruce, wide grain.  Back:  two-piece, quarter-cut maple with prominent, medium curl descending from center joint.  Ribs:  plain maple;  carved from one piece of wood, not bent.  Head and neck:  maple with faint, narrow curl;  elongated pegbox;  holes drilled in scroll ears;  pegbox lined in ebony.  Arching:  very slight.  Edging:  edges slightly scooped.  Varnish:  light brown;  craquelure in places with heavy deposits.  Fingerboard:  ebony;  slightly wedge-shaped;  minimal curvature;  thin;  ebony wedge under fingerboard.  Nut:  ebony;  set into pegbox, so that inside edges of nut and fingerboard are 6 mm in from front edge of pegbox.  Tailpiece:  bone;  saddle carved rather than inlaid.  Pegs:  medium-brown hardwood with ebony eyes;  rectangularly shaped heads with flared, rounded ends.  Saddle:  ebony;  tall.  Endpin:  medium brown hardwood;  ebony end with bone eye.  F-holes:  rounded lower wings.  Linings:  poplar or related wood.  Corner blocks:  spruce.  Chin wear on bass side of tailpiece.  Back length:  356 mm.  Upper bout width:  159 mm.  Center bout width:  108 mm.  Lower bout width:  200 mm.  Rib height:  23-26 mm.  Stop length:  195 mm.  Vibrating string length:  329 mm.  Original neck length (bottom of nut to ribs):  134 mm. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.