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Annotated Checklist of Early Flutes
NMM 10113. Flute by Pierre Naust, Paris, ca. 1690. Ex coll.: Friedrich von Huene, Brookline, Massachusetts. Purchase funds
gift of John R. and Janice Waltner, Freeman, South Dakota, in honor of
their daughters, Mary Law and Ann O'Donnell, 2002.
Early Flutes
(in chronological order)
NMM 10113. Flute by Pierre Naust, Paris, ca. 1690.
Three sections. Stamped on all
sections: NAUST / [lion rampant]. Boxwood, large turned ivory
mounts.
One closed, silver key. Total length, 666 mm. Sounding length, 583 mm.
Ex coll.: Friedrich von Huene, Brookline, Massachusetts. Purchase funds
gift of John R. and Janice Waltner, Freeman, South Dakota, in honor of
their daughters, Mary Law and Ann O'Donnell, 2002.
Lit.: Peter Spohr,
Kunsthandwerk im Dienste der Musik: Querflöten aus
aller Welt im Wandel der Zeit. Exhibition catalog, Historisches
Museum,
Frankfurt, March 6-April 7, 1991 and Stadtmuseum, Munich, April
14-May 5, 1991
(Frankfurt am Main: Kurt Reichmann, 1991), p. 13 (A4).
Phillip T. Young, 4900 Historical Woodwind
Instruments (London:
Tony
Bingham, 1993), p. 168 (Y7).
André P. Larson, "Rare Baroque Instrument is the Oldest Flute in the Museum," America's National Music Museum Newsletter 29, No. 3 (August 2002), pp. 1-2.
Harrison Powley, "Die Zauberflöte: What's in a Title?" BYU Studies 43, No. 3 (2004), p. 19.
NMM 3979. Tierce flute by
Thomas
Stanesby, Jr., London, ca. 1716-1732.
Conical. Four sections. Stamped on all sections: STANESBY /
IUNIOR.
Ivory, unmounted. One closed, silver key: D-sharp. Lowest note f'.
Total length (shortened), 507 mm. Sounding length (currently), 431.7 mm.
Ex colls.: Friedrich von Huene, Brookline, Massachusetts, and
Wurlitzer-Bruck, New York. Board of Trustees, 1986.
NMM 4073. Flute by Johann
Wilhelm Oberlender I,
Imperial City of
Nürnberg, ca. 1720. Conical. Four sections; three corps de
rechange.
Stamped on all sections: I. W. Oberlender (in a diagonal scroll,
left end
lower) / O. Ivory, unmounted. One closed, engraved silver key:
D-sharp.
Lowest note d'. Total length, 539.9 mm-629.1 mm. Sounding length, 484.0
mm-573.2 mm. Rawlins Fund, 1986.
Lit.: Phillip T. Young, 4900
Historical
Woodwind
Instruments (London:
Tony Bingham, 1993), p. 170 (Y6).
NMM 5795. Flute by Philip
Borkens, Amsterdam,
ca.
1725-1750. Conical.
Four sections. Stamped on all sections: [crown] / P BORKENS /
[lion
rampant, facing left]. Boxwood, ivory mounts. One closed, brass key:
D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total length (shortened), 647.8 mm. Sounding
length (currently), 572 mm. Board of Trustees, 1994.
Lit.: David Schulenberg,
Music of
the Baroque
(Oxford: Oxford
University
Press, 2001), p. 265.
NMM 3624. Flute by Charles
Bizey, Paris, ca.
1730-1740. Conical. Four
sections. Stamped on all sections: [fleur-de-lis] / BIZEY.
Ivory,
unmounted. One closed, silver key: D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total
length (shortened), 598.9 mm. Sounding length (currently), 545 mm. Board
of Trustees, 1985.
Lit.: Phillip T. Young, 4900
Historical
Woodwind Instruments (London:
Tony Bingham, 1993), p. 22 (Y12).
NMM 1291. Flute by Benjamin
Hallet, London, ca.
1740-1750. Conical.
Four sections. Stamped on head and upper section: BENJAMIN /
HALLET.
Ivory, unmounted. One closed, silver key: D-sharp. Total length, 587.4
mm. Sounding length, 534.3 mm. Ex coll.: Alec Hodsdon, Lavenham,
England. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
NMM 3589. Flute by Georg
Heinrich Scherer,
Butzbach, Hesse, ca. 1750.
Conical. Four sections. Stamped on all sections: [four stitches] /
SCHERER / [lion rampant of Hesse]. Ivory, tortoise-shell and horn
mounts.
One closed, gold key: D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total length
(shortened), 587.6 mm. Sounding length (currently), 518.9 mm. Ex coll:
F. J. Giesbert, Neuwied am Rhein. Rawlins Fund, 1985.
Lit.: Phillip T. Young, 4900
Historical Woodwind Instruments (London:
Tony Bingham, 1993), pp. 207-208 (Y34).
NMM 4166. Flute by Richard
Potter, London, ca.
1750-1770. Conical. Four
sections. Stamped on all sections: POTTER / LONDON (in bipartite
scroll). Boxwood, ivory mounts. One closed, silver key: D-sharp.
Lowest note d'. Total length, 602.2 mm. Sounding length, 544.2 mm. Ex
coll.: Efrim Fruchtman, Memphis. Arne B. and Jeanne F. Larson
Endowment Fund, 1987.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 48, 59, 60-61, 63.
NMM 4438. Flute by Richard
Potter, London, ca.
1750-1770. Conical.
Four sections. Stamped on all sections: POTTER / LONDON (in
bipartite
scroll). Boxwood, ivory mounts. One closed, silver key: D-sharp.
Lowest note d'. Total length, 605.4 mm. Sounding length, 535 mm. Ex
coll.: Alec Hodsdon, Lavenham, England. Arne B. Larson Estate, 1988.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 48, 59, 62-64.
NMM 5809. Flute by Jeremias
Schlegel, Basel, ca. 1752. Conical.
Four sections. Stamped on all sections: [fleur-de-lis] / SCHLEGEL /
A:BALE; upper body: [fleur-de-lis] / SCHLEGEL / A BALE / 3.
African
blackwood, ivory mounts. One closed, silver key: D-sharp. Lowest note
d'. Total length, 728.9 mm. Sounding length, 541.3 mm. Board of
Trustees, 1995.
NMM 10114. Flute by Johann
August Crone, Leipzig, ca. 1768-1770. Boxwood, three corps de
rechange,
original cardboard box. Ex coll.: Friedrich von Huene. Board of
Trustees, 2002.
NMM 2708. Piccolo flute by
John Parker, London,
ca.
1770-1815. Conical.
Three sections. Stamped on head: D / PARKER / LONDON / 8; other
sections: PARKER. Stained boxwood, unmounted. One closed, brass
key:
D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total length, 299 mm. Sounding length, 275 mm.
Ex coll.: Peggy Baird, Clinton, Tennessee. Board of Trustees, 1980.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer,
Flutes by London
Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 79-80.
NMM 9947. Flute by Friedrich
Gabriel August
Kirst, Potsdam, ca.
1772-1790. Conical. Four sections; three corps de rechange.
Stamped on
all sections: [Prussian eagle] / F · G · A KIRST / POTSDAM
/
[sun].
Boxwood, ivory mounts. One closed, silver key: D-sharp. Lowest note d'.
Total length, 604-618 mm. Sounding length, 522.65-536.65 mm. Ex coll.:
Simon Boendermaker, The Hague. Board of Trustees, 2000.
Lit.: Phillip T. Young, 4900
Historical Woodwind
Instruments (London:
Tony Bingham, 1993), p. 131 (Y8).
NMM 4561. Flute by Thomas
Cahusac, Sr., London,
ca. 1780-1798. Conical.
Five sections. Stamped on head and tuning slide: CAHUSAC / STRAND /
LONDON; on upper middle, lower middle, and foot: CAHUSAC /
LONDON.
Boxwood, ivory mounts. Tuning slide, screw-cap, foot register. Metal
lining in head joint. One closed, silver key: D-sharp. Five added,
closed, silver keys: B-flat, C, G-sharp, short and long F. Lowest note
d'. Total length, 599.5 mm. Sounding length, 525.5 mm. Arne B. Larson
Estate, 1988.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 37-39.
Phillip T. Young, 4900 Historical Woodwind
Instruments
(London: Tony
Bingham, 1993), p. 44 (Y39).
NMM 4837. Flute by Thomas
Cahusac, Sr., London,
ca. 1785-1795. Conical.
Four sections. Stamped on all pieces: CAHUSAC / LONDON. Ivory,
silver
mounts and later cap. Four closed, silver keys: B-flat, G-sharp, short
F, D-sharp, all stamped: IH (John Hale). Total length, 613.1 mm
(minus
cap). Sounding length, 535.6 mm. Ex colls.: Philip A. T. Bate, London;
Dale Higbee, Salisbury, North Carolina. Higbee-Abbott-Zylstra Collection,
1989.
Lit.: "USD Museum Acquires Higbee
Collection," Newsletter of the American
Musical Instrument Society, Vol. 18, No. 3 (October 1989), pp. 2-3.
Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by London Makers,
1750-1900,
M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 34, 36-39.
Phillip T. Young, 4900 Historical Woodwind
Instruments
(London: Tony
Bingham, 1993), p. 44 (Y40).
NMM 2360. Flute by Richard
Potter, London, ca.
1785-1800. Conical.
Five sections. Stamped on barrel of tuning slide: 6 / POTTER /
IOHNSON'S
COURT / FLEET STREET / LONDON; on middle section and heart piece:
POTTER
/ LONDON; on foot: POTTER / LONDON; on ivory ferrule above
register:
PATENT; on wood below ivory ferrule: 6. Boxwood, ivory mounts.
Tuning
slide, screw-cap, and register graduated (six concentric rings stamped
with Arabic numerals). Metal lining in head joint, tuning slide, and foot
register. Four silver keys fitted with patented pewter plugs. Closed
keys: B-flat, G-sharp, short F, D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total length,
598.6 mm. Sounding length, 528.45 mm. Ex coll.: Ellis Houghton,
Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, England. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 52, 59, 69-71.
NMM 4440. Flute by Richard
Potter, London, ca.
1785-1800. Conical. Five
sections. Stamped on tuning slide barrel: 6 / POTTER / IOHNSON'S
COURT /
FLEET STREET / LONDON; on upper section and heart piece: POTTER /
LONDON;
on foot: PATENT / POTTER / LONDON; on ivory ring adjacent to
barrel:
PATENT. Boxwood, ivory mounts. Tuning slide, screw-cap, both
graduated
(six concentric rings stamped with Arabic numerals). Metal lining in head
joint and tuning slide. Six silver keys fitted with patented pewter
plugs. Closed keys: B-flat, G-sharp, short F, D-sharp. Articulated
keys: c' and c'-sharp. Lowest note c'. Total length, 667.2. Sounding
length, ca. 591.4 mm. Arne B. Larson Estate, 1988.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 52, 59, 67-69.
NMM 4337. Flute by Richard
Potter, London, ca.
1785-1800. Conical.
Five sections. Stamped on tuning slide barrel: 6 / POTTER / IOHNSON'S
COURT / FLEET STREET / LONDON; on upper section and heart piece:
POTTER /
LONDON; on foot: PATENT / POTTER / LONDON. Ivory, unmounted.
Tuning
slide and screw-cap, both graduated (six concentric rings stamped with
Arabic numerals). Metal lining in head joint and tuning slide. Six
silver keys fitted with patented pewter plugs. Closed keys: B-flat,
G-sharp, short F, D-sharp. Articulated keys: c'-sharp and c' (lever
vaulted over c'-sharp). Lowest note c'. Total length, 666.5 mm.
Sounding length, 594.9 mm. Ex coll.: Ellis Houghton,
Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, England. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 17, 52, 64-66.
NMM 2357. Flute (composite)
by Richard and
William Henry Potter, London,
ca. 1790-1814. Conical. Five sections. Stamped on tuning slide
barrel:
6 / POTTER / IOHNSON'S COURT / FLEET STREET / LONDON; on middle
section
and heart piece: POTTER / LONDON; on foot: PATENT /
WILLM.
HENY /
POTTER; on ivory ferrule adjacent to barrel: PATENT. Boxwood,
ivory
mounts. Tuning slide, screw-cap, foot register. Tuning slide and
register graduated (six concentric rings stamped with Arabic numerals).
Metal lining in head joint and tuning slide. Six silver keys fitted with
patented pewter plugs. Closed keys: B-flat, G-sharp, short F, D-sharp.
Articulated keys: c'-sharp, c'. Lowest note c'. Total length, 661.3 mm.
Sounding length, 587.8 mm. Ex coll.: Philip A. T. Bate, London. Arne B.
Larson Collection, 1979.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 52, 59, 71-73.
NMM 3573. Flute by Johann
Heinrich
Grenser, Dresden, ca.
1796-1806. Conical. Four sections; three corps de rechange.
Stamped on
all sections: [crossed swords] / H · GRENSER / DRESDEN.
African
blackwood, ivory mounts. Four closed, silver keys: B-flat, G-sharp,
short F, D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total length, 611-625.5 mm. Sounding
length, 525.0-539.5 mm. Rawlins Fund, 1985.
Lit.: Phillip T. Young, 4900
Historical Woodwind Instruments (London:
Tony Bingham,1993), p. 100 (Y21).
André P. Larson, Beethoven & Berlioz, Paris & Vienna: Musical Treasures from the Age of Revolution & Romance 1789-1848, with essay by John Koster, exhibition catalog, Washington Pavilion, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, September 12-November 2, 2003 (Vermillion: National Music Museum 2003), p. 40.
NMM 3574. Flute by Johann
Georg Otto,
Neukirchen, Vogtland, 1798.
Conical. Four sections; three corps de rechange. Stamped on
head
and
heartpiece: [crossed swords] / A. GRENSER / [asterisk]; on corps
de
rechange: [crossed swords]
/
A.
GRENSER / 1 2 (or) 3 (as appropriate) [asterisk]; on foot:
DRESDEN /
1798. African blackwood, ivory mounts. One closed, silver key:
D-sharp.
Lowest note d'. Total length, 603.49-616.9 mm. Sounding length,
532.29-545.7 mm. Rawlins Fund, 1985.
Lit.: Shrine to Music Museum
Newsletter, Vol. 13, No. 2 (January, 1986),
p. 2.
André P. Larson, Amadeus: His Music and the
Instruments of
Eighteenth-Century Vienna. An
Exhibition Presented by The Shrine to Music Museum . . . at the Dahl Fine
Arts Center, Rapid City, South Dakota, February 4-March 2, 1990, p. 14
(illus.).
Phillip T. Young, 4900 Historical Woodwind
Instruments
(London: Tony
Bingham, 1993), p. 95 (Y25).
Ardal Powell, "A Fake Grenser Flute by J. G. Otto,
Dated 1798," Traverso:
Historical Flute Newsletter, Vol. 9, No. 1 (January 1997), pp.
1-3.
NMM 2668. Flute by Johann
Georg Otto,
Neukirchen, Vogtland, 1800.
Conical. Four sections. Stamped on foot: [crossed swords] / OTTO
/
[asterisk] / NEUKIRCHEN / 1800 [asterisk]; on all other pieces:
[crossed
swords] / OTTO / [asterisk]. Boxwood, ivory mounts. One closed,
brass
key: D-sharp. Total length, 626.25 mm. Sounding length, 544.7 mm. Arne
B. Larson Collection, 1979.
Lit.: Ardal Powell, "A Fake Grenser
Flute by J. G. Otto, Dated 1798,"
Traverso: Historical Flute Newsletter, Vol. 9, No. 1 (January
1997), pp.
1-3.
NMM 2359. Flute, England,
ca. 1800. Conical.
Five sections. Stamped
on all sections: POTTER / LONDON; on head, tuning-slide barrel, and
foot:
PATENT. Boxwood, ivory mounts. Tuning slide and ivory screw-cap,
graduated, lacking Potter's stamped Arabic numerals. Metal lining in head
joint and tuning slide. Six silver keys fitted with pewter plugs. Closed
keys: B-flat, G-sharp, short F, D-sharp. Articulated keys: c' and
c'-sharp. Lowest note c'. Total length, 670.4 mm. Sounding length,
590.1 mm. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers,
1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 207-208.
NMM 4437. Flute, England or
Germany, ca.
1800-1825. Conical. Four
sections. Stamped on head and foot: POTTER / LONDON. Stained
boxwood, bone mounts. One closed, silver key: D-sharp.
Lowest note d'. Total length, 596.1 mm. Sounding length, 520.5 mm. Arne
B. Larson Estate, 1988.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers,
1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 207, 209.
NMM 4291. Flute by William
Henry Potter, London,
ca. 1806-1814.
Conical. Five sections. Stamped on tuning slide barrel:
WILLM. HENY
/
POTTER / IOHNSON'S COURT / FLEET STREET / LONDON; on middle sections:
WILLM. HENY / POTTER; on foot:
PATENT / WILLM. HENY /
POTTER.
Boxwood,
ivory mounts. Tuning slide, screw-cap, foot register, all graduated (six
concentric rings stamped with Arabic numerals). Metal lining in head
joint and tuning slide. Four closed, silver keys fitted with patented
pewter plugs: B-flat, G-sharp, short F, D-sharp. Lowest note d'. Total
length, 597.2 mm. Sounding length, 516.6 mm. Ex coll.: Ellis Houghton,
Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, England. Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 57, 59, 77-78.
NMM 4439. Flute by William
Henry Potter, London,
ca. 1806-1814.
Conical. Five sections. Stamped on tuning slide barrel: 6 /
WILLM.
HENY
/ POTTER / IOHNSON'S COURT / FLEET STREET / LONDON; on upper section
and
heart piece: WILLM. HENY /
POTTER; on foot: PATENT / WILLM; on ivory
ferrule adjacent to barrel: PATENT.
HENY /
POTTER. Boxwood, ivory mounts. Tuning slide, screw-cap, both
graduated
(six concentric rings stamped with Arabic numerals). Metal lining in head
joint. Six silver keys fitted with patented pewter plugs. Closed keys:
B-flat, G-sharp, short F, D-sharp. Articulated keys: c'-sharp, c'.
Lowest note c'. Total length, 664.1 mm. Sounding length, 591.85 mm.
Arne B. Larson Estate, 1988.
Lit.: Amy Shaw Kreitzer, Flutes by
London Makers, 1750-1900, M.M. thesis
(University of South Dakota, 1993), pp. 57, 59, 74-77.
NMM 2358. Flute (composite)
by
William Henry
Potter and William
Milhouse, London, ca. 1806-1837. Conical. Five sections. Stamped on
upper section: WILLM. HENY /
POTTER; on foot: POTTER /
LONDON; on heart
piece: W. MILHOUSE / LONDON. Boxwood, ivory mounts. Tuning slide
(Milhouse), screw-cap (missing). Tuning slide graduated. Metal lining in
head joint and tuning slide. Six silver keys. All but F key (Milhouse)
fitted with Potter's patented pewter plugs. Closed keys: B-flat, G-sharp,
short F, D-sharp. Articulated keys: c'-sharp, c'. Lowest note c'.
Total length (cap missing), 658.6 mm. Sounding length, ca. 587.5 mm.
Arne B. Larson Collection, 1979.
National Music Museum
The University of South Dakota
414 East Clark Street
Vermillion, SD 57069
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